How To Upgrade Ubuntu 11.04 to 11.10?

In my last post, I posted about release of Ubuntu 11.10 with some new features & in this post, I'm posting about how to upgrade Ubuntu 11.04 to 11.10. Follow these simple steps:

• Go to System> Administration> Update Manager  or press Alt+F2, type "update-manager -d" & click on run.
• You will be prompted to Update Manager.
  
  
  
• Click on Upgrade & then follow the appropriate steps.

Note: You can't directly upgrade to 11.10 from older versions like 10.04, 10.10 etc, for it I recommend to download directly from it's official site.

Ubuntu 11.10 (Oneiric Ocelot) Released

Ubuntu 11.10 has been released on 13th October, 2011 with code name "Oneiric Ocelot" for users. Users can download it from Ubuntu's official site or can upgrade directly from older version. Some features of new release:

• New release of compiz and unity.
• Places are replaced to Lenses.
• The Dash has a new music lens, linked to Banshee, that searches your personal and online music collections. 
• Full support for Chinese, Japanese, Korean, and other script languages. 
• Available in 38 languages.
• Ubuntu Software Center 5.0

For upgrading Ubuntu to newer released version, check my other post:  How To Upgrade Ubuntu 11.04 to 11.10?

How To Install Java In Ubuntu?

Hello ubuntu users!! So are you interested in Java & wanna to install JDK & JRE in ubuntu? In ubuntu, you don't need to set any path first for executing your program using terminal. Follow these steps:

• Go to Applications> Accessories> Terminal (Or use shortcut Ctrl+Alt+T).
• Type "sudo apt-get install sun-java6-bin sun-java6-jre sun-java6-jdk" without quotes.
• It will install JDK & JRE.
• After installing, check installation by entering javac & java in terminal. If these commands execute, that means you have installed JDK & JRE successfully.
• Next step is to execute your program (Suppose you have program file named Hello.java in your home directory).
• Type javac Hello.java in terminal, then java Hello

Note: If you save your java file in any other directory, then you first need to change your directory path otherwise terminal will display error as "No such file or directory".

Download Youtube Videos In Ubuntu Using Terminal

It's a nice trick to download your youtube videos using terminal. You don't need to buffer the full video. Follow these simple steps:

• Open Terminal.
• Write command "sudo apt-get install youtube-dl" with out quotes. It will install the youtube-dl package.
• After installing, write command for downloading the video:
  
  
  youtube-dl URL_OF_YOUTUBE_VIDEO
  
  
  For e.g. youtube-dl http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lG_baNiVgUU
   
• Video will get save in your home/user directory, like if your user name is hack, video will be save in home/hack directory.

How To Block Websites In Ubuntu?

Wanna to block some websites on your Ubuntu system? Whole procedure is same with windows (Block Websites In Windows), only difference is location of hosts file. In windows hosts file has path C:\ WINDOWS\ system32\ drivers\ etc while in ubuntu hosts file exist under /etc directory.

Note: You must have root privileges for implementing this trick (For accessing root privileges Open terminal with shortcut Ctrl+Alt+T, type command as "sudo nautilus" without quotes, enter the root password, root directory will open). Suppose you have to block www.orkut.com, follow the procedure:

• Go to File System Directory (Click on File System on the right side of your root directory)
• Now open /etc/hosts
• Plain text document will open with info:
  
  *-+127.0.0.1    localhost
  127.0.1.1    ubuntu.ubuntu-domain    ubuntu
  
  # The following lines are desirable for IPv6 capable hosts
  ::1     ip6-localhost ip6-loopback
  fe00::0 ip6-localnet
  ff00::0 ip6-mcastprefix
  ff02::1 ip6-allnodes
  ff02::2 ip6-allrouters
  
• Below 127.0.1.1    ubuntu.ubuntu-domain    ubuntu, write 127.0.0.1    www.orkut.com
• Save it.
• Now try to open orkut, it will give error Firefox can't establish a connection to the server at www.orkut.com. Orkut is now blocked.
• In the same way you can block any site, just write site url after 127.0.0.1

Note: For unblock, delete 127.0.0.1    www.orkut.com

Some Cool Commands For Linux Users

Hi Linux lovers!! listing some cool linux commands, mostly among you must have heard about these commands. But these all are for newbie. First open your terminal, now run these commands:

• w: For checking who is login.
• uptime: How long user have been logged in.
• pwd: Stands for Present Working Directory, will show the present directory in which you are working.
• which: Will show the directory location of any file (for e.g. entering which ls will display you directory location as /bin/ls)
• du: Determine the disk utilization (for e.g. entering du -sh will display the total amount of space being used by all the files and directories in PWD).
• df: displays the amount of free space (for e.g. df -h, df -l)
• uname: Show OS name. (Also try uname -m, uname -n , uname -r , uname -s, uname -v)

Note: These all are case sensitive.